Electrical substation part 2

-

Electrical substations part 2

Hi there!  In the first part we just gone through a an overview of an electrical substation. Today we are adding a little bit more about the same...
   Have you ever wondered how these high voltage high current power system is controlled and protected properly😌.
Protection
   As we know all the stuffs in the substation are extremely costly, An aquarate and efficient protection system should be established.  And this is achieved by proper relay coordination and various schemes of protection for every equipments such as transformers, busbars,feeders, generators etc...
Relays in control panels


Control
Equipments such as transformers, generators are controlled in a remote control room located few metres away from the equipment yard,here controlling means the switching of relevant circuit breakers of respective equipment. These are achieved by control circuits which are operating at a low voltage dc( eg 110V dc).
Control room


Dc battery bank with battery charger

The control dc supply is provided by a battery charger associated with a battery bank!
Control wires are distinguished by the key letters wrapped around their termination point called ferrule!!
Ferrule


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Electrical Substations

-
Image
     Electrical Substations An electrical substation forms an integral part of the power system. It is placed at the both ends of the long distant transmission line... but why??!! Of-course to transform voltage!  A substation at the beginning End or say generation side normally used to boost up the voltage to higher magnitude suitable for transmitting the generated power to long distant load with minimum losses.( Uses a step up transformer )!! Yes the other type is at the other end of the long distant transmission line nearer to load centre... here the high voltage is stepped down to a relevant magnitude which may be used for distribution purpose or another voltage level transmission for near by substations.                    The heart of a substation is nothing but our transformer, depending upon the purpose transformer can be step up or step down!! Now we are considering a load end substation as an example. Here our hero is step down transformer 😎!! A substation h
Read more

Differential Protection Scheme (Transformer)

-
Image
Hey friends! you are familiar with the power system equipment which we discussed earlier.! Now it's time to protect it to total safety. As soldiers protect our country from enemies likewise our system should be protected from fault. The line of control is decided by fixing the current transformers on the right place. So our boundaries is decided by their location. Here in a substation, we have many equipments such as transmission lines, bus-bar, transformers, etc in the system which need atmost care. Starting from the bulkiest, transformers are having different level of protections such as phase to phase and phase to ground. In other words differential protection and earth-fault protection. Over-current protection is also implemented in it. Let's talk about the differential type of protection for transformers. It's quite simple to explain the theory but some complicated while coming into the calculation. The term itself gives a brief idea about the
Read more

Capacitor banks and reactors

-
Image
Capacitor banks and Reactors We have already discussed the significance of reactive power in a power system, As we know the availability of reactive power depends on the excitation of the alternators.This reactive power can be provided by the generators themselves, through the adjustment of generator excitation, but it is often cheaper to provide it through capacitors, hence capacitors are often placed near inductive loads to inject reactive power.the so called capacitors are mainly of two, static condensers and synchronous condensers. The synchronous condensers have a variable value of VAR which can be varied by the excitation of the synchronous motor and the static capacitors have a fixed value of VAR.                                       The capacitor bank simply means that a group of  individual capacitors connected in  parallel and series accordingly to the design of the capacitor bank and together have a value in KVAR or MVAR. Capacitor Connection  A reactor is connected i
Read more